895 lines
44 KiB
JSON
895 lines
44 KiB
JSON
[
|
||
{
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||
"question": "What are the close-packed directions of an ideal hexagonal close-packed crystal structure?",
|
||
"choices": {
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||
"text": [
|
||
"(11-20)",
|
||
"(0001)",
|
||
"(10-10)",
|
||
"(1-210)"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
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||
"question": "For many polymer materials, their tensile strength σi is a function of the number-average relative molecular mass Mn̅: the formula is given by σi = σ0 - A / Mn̅, where σ0 is the tensile strength at infinite molecular weight, and A is a constant. Given two types of poly(methyl methacrylate) with number-average relative molecular masses of 4×10^4 and 6×10^4, the corresponding tensile strengths are 107 MPa and 170 MPa, respectively. Determine the tensile strength σb when the number-average relative molecular mass is 3×10^4.",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"44 MPa",
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||
"68 MPa",
|
||
"89 MPa",
|
||
"125 MPa"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "Suppose that solid nickel was able to nucleate homogeneously with an undercooling of only 22°C. How many atoms would have to group together spontaneously for this to occur? Assume that the lattice parameter of the solid FCC nickel is 0.356nm.",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"1.136 × 10^{6}",
|
||
"5.68 × 10^{5}",
|
||
"2.272 × 10^{6}",
|
||
"3.408 × 10^{6}"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "Which of the following best describes the habit plane and its invariance in the characteristics of martensitic transformation?",
|
||
"choices": {
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||
"text": [
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||
"Martensite forms on certain crystallographic planes of the parent phase, and these planes are called habit planes. The habit plane is an undistorted and non-rotating plane.",
|
||
"The habit plane is defined as the interface between austenite and martensite that exhibits minimum elastic strain energy, often approximated as {111}γ in FCC to BCC transformations.",
|
||
"Habit planes correspond to the planes of maximum shear stress during transformation, typically {110} in BCC metals, where dislocation slip is easiest.",
|
||
"In martensitic transformations, the habit plane is always parallel to the twinning plane of the product phase, maintaining strict crystallographic symmetry."
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "The bonding forces between adhesive and adherend surfaces are thought to be",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"Electrostatic",
|
||
"Van der Waals forces",
|
||
"Hydrogen bonding",
|
||
"Mechanical interlocking"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "Can all parts of a dislocation loop be edge dislocations? Why?",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"Yes, if the Burgers vector is perpendicular to the plane of the loop, creating a prismatic dislocation",
|
||
"No, because dislocation loops must always contain both edge and screw components to maintain continuity",
|
||
"Yes, but only in FCC metals where the Schmid factor favors edge dislocation formation",
|
||
"No, because the Burgers vector must rotate with the dislocation line direction to satisfy conservation laws"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "What is the graphite content in Fe-3.6%C alloy?",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"2.94% (calculated from the lever rule considering only graphite formation)",
|
||
"3.6% (total carbon content assuming all carbon forms graphite)",
|
||
"1.8% (based on metastable Fe-Fe3C system calculation)",
|
||
"4.2% (considering carbon solubility in austenite at eutectic temperature)"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "In the ionic compound $\\mathbf{MgO}$, the cation most likely to replace $\\mathbf{Mg}^{2+}$ in the compound (given the radii (nm) of each cation: (${\\bf Mg}^{2+}$) 0.066, ($\\mathbb{C}a^{2+}$) 0.099, ($\\mathrm{Li^{+}}$) 0.066, ($\\mathbf{Fe}^{\\mathbf{2+}}$) 0.074) is",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"Ca²⁺, due to its similar charge and higher polarizability compensating for the larger ionic radius",
|
||
"Li⁺, because its identical ionic radius and lower charge density would minimize lattice distortion",
|
||
"Fe²⁺, owing to its comparable ionic radius and matching charge state with Mg²⁺",
|
||
"Al³⁺, as its smaller radius (0.054 nm) and higher charge would enhance electrostatic stabilization"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]C[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "For a simple cubic crystal, pure bending of the (110) plane around the [001] axis will form what type of dislocations (specify the direction of the dislocation line and the Burgers vector)?",
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||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"Edge type, dislocation line direction=[001], Burgers vector=a[100] or a[010]",
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||
"Screw type, dislocation line direction=[110], Burgers vector=a/2[110]",
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||
"Mixed type, dislocation line direction=[111], Burgers vector=a/2[110]",
|
||
"Edge type, dislocation line direction=[110], Burgers vector=a[001]"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "Why is interstitial diffusion normally more rapid than vacancy diffusion?",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"Interstitial atoms have higher mobility due to their smaller size and the greater probability of finding adjacent empty interstitial sites",
|
||
"Vacancy diffusion requires overcoming a higher activation energy barrier due to lattice distortion effects",
|
||
"Interstitial diffusion benefits from lower coordination number of interstitial sites compared to substitutional sites",
|
||
"The concentration of interstitial defects is typically orders of magnitude higher than vacancy concentrations in most materials"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "At room temperature the electrical conductivity and the electron mobility for aluminum are 3.8 x 10^7 (Ω·m)^-1 and 0.0012 m^2/V·s, respectively. The number of free electrons per cubic meter for aluminum at room temperature is:",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"1.98 x 10^29 m^-3",
|
||
"3.16 x 10^28 m^-3",
|
||
"2.65 x 10^29 m^-3",
|
||
"4.74 x 10^27 m^-3"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "What is the coordination number of the cation in the compound Cr2O3, given r(Cr3+)=0.064nm, r(O2-)=0.132nm?",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"6",
|
||
"12.00",
|
||
"9.00",
|
||
"3.00"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "Which of the following best describes a hybrid composite?",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"A composite reinforced with two or more different fiber materials in a single matrix",
|
||
"A composite combining ceramic and metallic phases to achieve graded properties",
|
||
"A laminate structure where different layers contain distinct reinforcement materials",
|
||
"A nanocomposite incorporating carbon nanotubes and graphene in a polymer matrix"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "When the oxygen partial pressure is increased, what changes will occur in the density of Zn1+xO?",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"The density decreases due to reduced zinc interstitial concentration as x in Zn1+xO decreases",
|
||
"The density increases because higher oxygen partial pressure leads to more oxygen interstitials",
|
||
"The density remains unchanged as the Schottky defect equilibrium compensates for the change",
|
||
"The density first increases then decreases due to the formation of zinc vacancy-oxygen interstitial complexes"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "How do the plasticity and toughness of a metal with finer grains compare to the same metal with coarser grains?",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"Better, due to increased grain boundary strengthening and dislocation accumulation capacity",
|
||
"Worse, because finer grains lead to higher stress concentration at triple junctions",
|
||
"Similar, as grain size primarily affects hardness rather than plasticity and toughness",
|
||
"Dependent on strain rate, with finer grains showing better toughness only at high strain rates"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "Below the critical temperature Tc, superconductors possess complete which property?",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"Electrical conductivity",
|
||
"Magnetic susceptibility",
|
||
"Thermal conductivity",
|
||
"Meissner effect"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "For an ASTM grain size number of 8, the number of grains per square inch with no magnification is:",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"1.28 × 10^6 grains/in.^2",
|
||
"6.4 × 10^5 grains/in.^2",
|
||
"2.56 × 10^6 grains/in.^2",
|
||
"3.2 × 10^5 grains/in.^2"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "An aluminum bar 125mm (5.0 in.) long and having a square cross section 16.5mm (0.65 in.) on an edge is pulled in tension with a load of 66,700N(15,000 lb) and experiences an elongation of 0.43 mm(1.7 × 10^{-2} in.). Assuming that the deformation is entirely elastic, the modulus of elasticity of the aluminum is:",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"71.2 GPa (10.4 × 10^{6} psi)",
|
||
"69.0 GPa (10.0 × 10^{6} psi)",
|
||
"73.5 GPa (10.7 × 10^{6} psi)",
|
||
"67.8 GPa (9.8 × 10^{6} psi)"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "After metal undergoes cold plastic deformation, this phenomenon is called deformation strengthening or:",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"work hardening",
|
||
"strain hardening",
|
||
"dislocation strengthening",
|
||
"precipitation hardening"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "When n spheres form a cubic close packing, what is the number of octahedral voids?",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"Alternative to n",
|
||
"Opposite of n",
|
||
"n",
|
||
"Different from n"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]C[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "A plate of an alloy steel has a plane-strain fracture toughness of 50 MPa·{m}^{1 / 2}. If it is known that the largest surface crack is 0.5mm long, and that the value of Y is 1.1 , which of the following can be said about this plate when a tensile stress of 1200 MPa is applied?",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"The plate will definitely fracture due to the stress intensity factor exceeding the fracture toughness",
|
||
"The plate will not fracture because the applied stress is below the yield strength of alloy steel",
|
||
"The plate may not fracture if the crack tip plasticity zone size exceeds the critical crack length",
|
||
"The plate will undergo stable crack growth but not catastrophic fracture at this stress level"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "What is the ratio of the number of tetrahedral voids to the number of O2- ions?",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"2:1",
|
||
"1:1",
|
||
"1:2",
|
||
"4:1"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "Given the melting point of Cu tm=1083°C, latent heat of fusion Lm=1.88×10^3 J/cm^3, and specific surface energy σ=1.44×10^5 J/cm^2. The critical nucleus radius for homogeneous nucleation of Cu at 853°C is:",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"9.03×10^-10 m",
|
||
"1.44×10^-9 m",
|
||
"5.67×10^-10 m",
|
||
"2.88×10^-9 m"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "When water-based substances melt into a liquid state, their volume undergoes the phenomenon of .",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"anomalous expansion due to hydrogen bonding rearrangement",
|
||
"contraction caused by increased molecular packing efficiency",
|
||
"volume invariance governed by the Clausius-Clapeyron relation",
|
||
"density fluctuation following the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "Based on microstructural analysis, the volume of graphite in a gray cast iron accounts for 12%, and the volume of ferrite accounts for 88%. Determine the value of ωC (given that the density of graphite ρG=2.2 g/cm³, and the density of ferrite ρα=7.8 g/cm³).",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"ωC=0.037",
|
||
"ωC=0.042",
|
||
"ωC=0.028",
|
||
"ωC=0.051"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "The density of Al2O3 is 3.8g/cm3. How many atoms are contained in 1g of Al2O3?",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"2.95×10^22",
|
||
"1.18×10^22",
|
||
"3.54×10^22",
|
||
"5.90×10^22"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "A 2 in. × 8 in. × 10 in. iron casting is produced and, after cooling to room temperature, is found to weigh 43.9 lb. If all of the shrinkage occurs as pores with a diameter of 0.05 in., the number of shrinkage pores in the casting is:",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"83,354 pores",
|
||
"76,218 pores",
|
||
"92,487 pores",
|
||
"65,932 pores"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "In the symmetric tilt grain boundary of face-centered cubic metal $\\mathrm{Cu}$, the spacing between two positive edge dislocations is $D=1000\\mathrm{nm}$. Assuming the extra half-plane of the edge dislocation is the (110) plane and $d_{110}=0.1278\\mathrm{~nm}$, what is the tilt angle $\\theta$ of the tilt grain boundary?",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"0.0146°",
|
||
"0.0292°",
|
||
"0.0073°",
|
||
"0.0219°"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "For some viscoelastic polymers that are subjected to stress relaxation tests, the stress decays with time according to the equation σ(t) = σ(0) exp(-t/τ). A specimen of this polymer was pulled in tension to a strain of 0.6, with an initial stress level of 2.76 MPa (400 psi) that dropped to 1.72 MPa (250 psi) after 60s. Determine E_τ(10) for this material:",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"4.25 MPa (616 psi)",
|
||
"3.82 MPa (554 psi)",
|
||
"2.89 MPa (419 psi)",
|
||
"5.17 MPa (750 psi)"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "Why are residual thermal stresses introduced into a glass piece when it is cooled?",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"Differential cooling rates between surface and interior regions cause uneven contraction, establishing stresses due to limited deformation",
|
||
"Phase transformation from liquid to glassy state creates volume mismatch between amorphous and crystalline regions",
|
||
"Thermal expansion coefficient anisotropy in the glass structure leads to directional stress buildup",
|
||
"Viscous flow cessation at the glass transition temperature locks in molecular orientation stresses"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "Why is the compressive strength of ceramics always higher than the tensile strength?",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"Under tension, cracks propagate rapidly when reaching critical size, while under compression, cracks either close or propagate parallel to the compression axis",
|
||
"Ceramics have higher dislocation mobility under compression, allowing plastic deformation that increases strength",
|
||
"The ionic/covalent bonding in ceramics creates higher resistance to shear stresses than to normal stresses",
|
||
"The Weibull modulus for compressive loading is typically 3-5 times higher than for tensile loading in ceramics"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "What is the critical temperature Tc of a superconductor?",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"The temperature at which the resistance abruptly drops to zero",
|
||
"The temperature at which the Meissner effect becomes fully observable",
|
||
"The temperature corresponding to the peak in specific heat capacity",
|
||
"The temperature where Cooper pairs begin to form but resistance remains finite"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "Why is the diffusion coefficient of anions generally smaller than that of cations in ionic crystals?",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"Anions typically occupy close-packed positions in the crystal lattice, requiring significant structural rearrangement for diffusion, while cations diffuse through interstitial sites with lower energy barriers",
|
||
"Anions have larger ionic radii than cations, leading to stronger electrostatic repulsion between neighboring anions that hinders their mobility",
|
||
"The higher electronegativity of anions creates stronger covalent bonding with surrounding cations, effectively trapping the anions in their lattice positions",
|
||
"Cations experience a lower activation energy for diffusion due to their smaller mass and higher vibrational frequency compared to anions"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "What is one major limitation of the iron-iron carbide phase diagram related to time-temperature relationships in terms of heat treatment and the development of microstructure?",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"The diagram provides no indication as to the time-temperature relationships for the formation of pearlite, bainite, and spheroidite, all of which are composed of the equilibrium ferrite and cementite phases",
|
||
"The diagram fails to account for the kinetic effects of carbon diffusion rates during austenite decomposition, which critically influence phase transformation times",
|
||
"The diagram does not specify the exact cooling rates required to achieve martensitic transformation, which is a non-equilibrium phase",
|
||
"The diagram omits the critical temperature ranges for recrystallization and grain growth processes in ferrous alloys"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "Given the diffusion coefficients for iron in nickel at two temperatures (1273 K with D = 9.4 x 10^-16 m^2/s and 1473 K with D = 2.4 x 10^-14 m^2/s), determine the values of D0 and the activation energy Qd.",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"D0 = 2.2 x 10^-5 m^2/s and Qd = 252,400 J/mol",
|
||
"D0 = 1.8 x 10^-5 m^2/s and Qd = 245,000 J/mol",
|
||
"D0 = 3.5 x 10^-5 m^2/s and Qd = 260,000 J/mol",
|
||
"D0 = 2.2 x 10^-5 m^2/s and Qd = 235,000 J/mol"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "The activation energy for self-diffusion in copper is 49,300 cal / mol. A copper specimen creeps at 0.002 N / in·h when a stress of 15,000 psi is applied at 600°C. If the creep rate of copper is dependent on self-diffusion, determine the creep rate if the temperature is 800°C.",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"0.4 N/in·h",
|
||
"0.08 N/in·h",
|
||
"0.02 N/in·h",
|
||
"0.004 N/in·h"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "For an edge dislocation line, the direction of its slip motion is (18) to the Burgers vector",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"parallel",
|
||
"perpendicular",
|
||
"at 45° to the Burgers vector and dislocation line",
|
||
"anti-parallel with a 5° deviation due to Peierls stress"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "Is any of the alloying elements expected to have unlimited solid solubility in copper? For copper: r_Cu=1.278 Å",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"Ni: r=1.246 Å, φr=-2.5% (same crystal structure, similar electronegativity)",
|
||
"Ag: r=1.444 Å, φr=+13.0% (same column in periodic table, similar valence electron configuration)",
|
||
"Zn: r=1.332 Å, φr=+4.2% (common alloying element in brass, similar atomic size)",
|
||
"Pd: r=1.376 Å, φr=+7.7% (similar d-electron configuration, forms continuous solid solution at high temperatures)"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "Which valence state of cations must be present in the exchange of originally adsorbed cations in clay for mud peptization?",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"The presence of divalent cations is essential for maintaining the Stern layer stability during peptization",
|
||
"Trivalent cations are required to overcome the critical coagulation concentration in clay suspensions",
|
||
"Monovalent cations must dominate the exchange process to achieve effective double layer expansion",
|
||
"A balanced mixture of mono- and divalent cations is necessary for optimal zeta potential adjustment"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]C[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "In the ilmenite crystal structure of FeTiO3, which consists of an HCP arrangement of O2- ions, what fraction of the total tetrahedral sites will be occupied?",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"No tetrahedral sites will be occupied",
|
||
"1/3 of the tetrahedral sites will be occupied by Fe2+ ions",
|
||
"1/2 of the tetrahedral sites will be occupied by Ti4+ ions",
|
||
"1/4 of the tetrahedral sites will be occupied by Fe2+ and Ti4+ ions in an ordered arrangement"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "Which of the following best describes constitutional supercooling?",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"During the solidification of a solid solution alloy, the distribution of solute in the liquid phase changes, which alters the alloy's melting point. Even if the actual temperature distribution remains unchanged, the degree of supercooling at the solid-liquid interface front will vary. Therefore, the supercooling of a solid solution alloy is determined by both the changing alloy melting point and the actual temperature distribution. This type of supercooling caused by changes in liquid phase composition is called constitutional supercooling.",
|
||
"Constitutional supercooling occurs when the cooling rate exceeds the critical cooling rate for a given alloy, leading to a metastable undercooled liquid state that persists below the equilibrium solidification temperature due to kinetic limitations.",
|
||
"In constitutional supercooling, the solute partitioning coefficient causes a local increase in melting temperature ahead of the solidification front, resulting in a thermal gradient that opposes the direction of heat flow during solidification.",
|
||
"Constitutional supercooling is a phenomenon where the latent heat of fusion released during solidification creates a thermal barrier that prevents further crystal growth, requiring additional undercooling to overcome this energy barrier."
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "Many properties of clay are related to the types of adsorbed cations. Which of the following correctly represents the variation trend of the thixotropy of clay slurry when adsorbing the following different cations (use arrows to represent: small—large) H+ Al3+ Ba2+ Sr2+ Ca2+ Mg2+ NH4+ K+ Na+ Li+?",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"H+ < Li+ < Na+ < K+ < NH4+ < Mg2+ < Ca2+ < Sr2+ < Ba2+ < Al3+",
|
||
"Li+ < Na+ < K+ < NH4+ < H+ < Mg2+ < Ca2+ < Sr2+ < Ba2+ < Al3+",
|
||
"Al3+ < Ba2+ < Sr2+ < Ca2+ < Mg2+ < NH4+ < K+ < Na+ < Li+ < H+",
|
||
"H+ < Al3+ < Ba2+ < Sr2+ < Ca2+ < Mg2+ < NH4+ < K+ < Na+ < Li+"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "Which of the following statements about ceramic materials and 'work hardening' is correct?",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"Ceramic materials will not exhibit 'work hardening' after deformation, because ceramic materials cannot undergo plastic deformation",
|
||
"Ceramic materials can exhibit 'work hardening' through dislocation pile-up mechanisms similar to metals, but only at extremely high temperatures (>1500°C)",
|
||
"Ceramic materials show 'work hardening' only when they contain secondary phases that allow limited dislocation movement",
|
||
"Ceramic materials demonstrate 'work hardening' through twinning deformation mechanisms rather than dislocation motion"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "Calculate the number of Fe3C particles per unit volume N_v, given the volume fraction of Fe3C phase φ_Fe3C=0.06 and the radius of spherical cementite particles r=10×10^-6 m.",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"1.43×10^13 (1/m^3)",
|
||
"2.86×10^13 (1/m^3)",
|
||
"7.16×10^12 (1/m^3)",
|
||
"3.58×10^12 (1/m^3)"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "A single crystal test bar of an FCC metal with a cross-sectional area of 10cm² is subjected to a compression test along the axial direction. Given that the critical resolved shear stress is 0.1kgf/mm² and the initial orientation of the bar axis is [215], determine the axial pressure P at the onset of double slip (without considering physical hardening). The axial pressure P is:",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"2450N",
|
||
"1960N",
|
||
"2940N",
|
||
"3430N"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "Which plane among (100), (110), and (111) in a face-centered cubic crystal is the close-packed plane?",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"(111) plane due to its highest planar density and hexagonal symmetry",
|
||
"(110) plane because of its diagonal atomic arrangement and intermediate packing efficiency",
|
||
"(100) plane when considering the slip systems in FCC crystals at elevated temperatures",
|
||
"(111) plane but only in the presence of stacking faults which modify the ideal packing sequence"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "Germanium to which 10^24 m^-3 As atoms have been added is an extrinsic semiconductor at room temperature, and virtually all the As atoms may be thought of as being ionized (i.e., one charge carrier exists for each As atom). Is this material:",
|
||
"choices": {
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"n-type, because As acts as a donor impurity introducing extra electrons",
|
||
"p-type, because the high doping concentration induces band inversion",
|
||
"compensated semiconductor, because the high doping level creates equal numbers of electrons and holes",
|
||
"intrinsic semiconductor, because at room temperature the thermal energy dominates the doping effects"
|
||
],
|
||
"label": [
|
||
"A",
|
||
"B",
|
||
"C",
|
||
"D"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"answer": "[ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]",
|
||
"prompt": "You are an expert in materials science. Please answer the following materials science question by selecting the correct option. You MUST include the letter of the correct answer at the end of your response within the following tags: [ANSWER] and [/ANSWER]. For example: [ANSWER]A[/ANSWER]."
|
||
}
|
||
] |