{
    "protocol": "To synthesize the hydrophilic PSTG coating, mix polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), sodium alginate (SA), titanium dioxide (TiO2), and glycerin. The coating can be applied using the dipping method, knife coating, or spin coating. A specific example involves using 5 cycles of acid and alkali treatment followed by sodium percarbonate deposition for 150 minutes, with hot and cold treatments for 120 minutes each. Ensure to maintain the structural integrity of the coating throughout the process.PVA and TiO2 (anatase) were used as the primary materials for synthesis. TiO2 particles were sourced with various sizes (20 nm, 40 nm, 60 nm, 100 nm) and were of 99.8% purity. Other reagents included SA, n-hexane, hexadecane, absolute ethanol, isopropanol, and glycerin. All materials were utilized without purification.The synthesis of hydrophilic polymers involved selecting the mass concentrations of PVA (2.78%), SA (0.83%), and TiO2 (0.025%) based on the results of an orthogonal experimental design L25(5^3). The criteria for evaluation included antifogging grade and light transmission, where light transmittance was measured against a blank film in the range of 400-720 nm, with a scoring system based on deviations from the blank film. The antifogging level was evaluated on a scale with adjustments made based on the improvement or decline in levels.Dissolve 2.78 wt% PVA and 0.83 wt% SA in 35 mL distilled water/glycerol solution (volume ratio of 6:1) at 95 °C for 2 hours to obtain a homogeneous and transparent solution. Suspend 0.025 wt% TiO2 particles in the solution. Treat PE membranes with oxygen plasma for 20 seconds to enhance superhydrophilic ability. Scrape an appropriate amount of the obtained solution onto the PE substrate. Dry the coated PE at 60 °C for 2 hours."
}