{
    "protocol": "Light-assisted 3D printing technology is used to solidify a photopolymerizable prepolymer solution. The process involves integrating inorganic nanomaterials, antibiotics, and functional polymers into 3D-printed hydrogels to enhance antibacterial effects. Attention must be given to the customization of structures and the specific functionalities required for applications in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, wound healing, and implants.Mugnaini et al. synthesized photocrosslinkable methacrylic pullulan, utilizing it as a bioink. The aqueous dispersions of methacrylated pullulan served as the substrate for inkjet printing.Ouyang et al. developed a generalizable in situ-crosslinking strategy in which the light was introduced immediately before the deposition to achieve high encapsulated cell viability (approximately 95%).The synthesis of hydrophilic polymers involves the crosslinking of one or more monomers, where the number of monomers and functional groups attached to the polymer backbone determines the degree of crosslinking. The functional groups can be introduced through natural polymers such as collagen, gelatine, hyaluronic acid, or alginate, or synthetic polymers like poly(ethylene glycol) and poly(acrylamide).The article does not provide a specific experimental protocol for the synthesis of hydrophilic polymers with functional groups."
}