{
    "protocol": "Prepare a hybrid super-hydrophilic polymer hetero-network (HN) by combining acrylic resin and polyurethane acrylate. Utilize UV curing to construct P-C bonds through a UV-initiated free radical reaction, ensuring a covalent linkage between BP nanosheets (BPs) and the polymer matrix, thereby embedding BPs firmly into the polymer structure.The synthesis of hydrophilic polymers with functional groups involves the following steps: First, prepare the monomer solution by dissolving the desired hydrophilic monomers in a suitable solvent. Next, introduce functional groups by incorporating specific functionalized monomers or reactants into the solution. Maintain the reaction conditions under controlled temperature and stirring for a specified duration to allow polymerization. After polymerization, purify the resulting polymer by dialysis or precipitation to remove unreacted monomers and solvents. Finally, characterize the functionalized hydrophilic polymers using techniques such as NMR, FTIR, or GPC to confirm the presence and functionality of the desired groups.Hydrophilic polymers with functional groups were synthesized using polyethylene glycol 2000 (PEG 2000), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), and pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA) as the main components. The synthesis involved the use of dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTDL) as a catalyst. Acrylic acid (AA), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), and sulfobetaine methacrylate (SBMA) were integrated as functional group sources. The reaction was initiated using azodiisobutyronitrile (AIBN) or diphenyl (2, 4, 6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide (TPO) as photoinitiators. All chemicals were used without further purification.Synthesis of polyurethane acrylate (PUA): Dissolve 2 g PEG 2000, 6 mg MeHQ, 3 mg BHT, and 3 mg DBTDL in 20 ml ethyl acetate to obtain the dropping solution. Add 444 mg of IPDI into a three-port flask, and then add the dropping solution to the three-port flask for 2 h at room temperature with stirring at 200 rpm. Carry out the reaction at 40 °C for 6 h. Then add 500 mg PETA and continue the reaction for 3 h at 80 °C. After filtration and solvent evaporation, dry the residue in a vacuum to yield a colorless oil. Synthesis of P(AA-HEMA-SBMA) acrylic resin (PAHS): In a three-port flask, dissolve 3.6 g AA, 6.5 g HEMA, 14 g SBMA, and 24 mg AIBN in 30 ml ethyl acetate and carry out the reaction at 80 °C for 6 h. After filtration and solvent evaporation, dry the residue in a vacuum to yield a white powder. Synthesis of super-hydrophilic polymer hetero-network coating (PUA/PAHS HN): Prepare the UV-curable solution by dissolving the photo initiator TPO and the obtained PUA, PAHS in 2-propanol with about 40% total solid content. Spin-coat the UV-curable solution on a plastic substrate and then follow by UV irradiation (broadband, 400 mj/cm²) to obtain a cured PUA/PAHS/BPs HN coating.The preparation method for samples involved dispersing the UV-cured coating in ethanol (EtOH) and dropping it onto silicon (Si) substrates for investigation. For cross-section samples, the samples were pasted onto the cross-section sample table after freezing extraction.The polymer HN was synthesized by combining polyurethane acrylate (PUA) and acrylic resin (poly (acrylic acid (AA)-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)-sulfobetaine methacrylate (SBMA), denoted as PAHS), using UV-initiated cross-linking. The PUA was prepared through the polymerization of polyethylene glycol (PEG) with diisocyanate and was end-capped with pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA). PAHS was synthesized via radical polymerization of three hydrophilic monomers: AA, HEMA, and SBMA. A UV-curable solution was then created by dissolving the obtained PUA, PAHS, and BP nanosheets in a solvent."
}