{
    "protocol": "The synthesis of hydrophilic polymers with functional groups involves incorporating polar groups or rigid groups into the molecular chains of the polymer to enhance crystallinity or rigidity. This can be executed by blocking or grafting techniques at the molecular level, which allows for the adjustment of the mechanical properties of the resulting polymer.PUA is synthesized by introducing double bonds of acrylates into the terminal molecular chain of polyurethane. Oligomers are then used to initiate a double-crosslinking reaction in the presence of photoinitiators.To synthesize hydrophilic polymers, select diisocyanates such as toluene diisocyanate (TDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (HMDI), or hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) as urethane segments, and chain extenders like ethylene diamine (EDA) or ethane glycol (EG). Use polyols or polyamines such as polyethylene glycols (PEG), polytetrahydrofuran (PTMEG), poly(caprolactone glycol) (PCL), or polycarbonate diols (PCDL) with hydroxyl or amino groups to react with the diisocyanates by semi-adduct reaction. For acrylate segments, include hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) as an end-capper. To increase functionality, introduce trimethylolpropane diallyl ether (TMPDE) or pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA) into the system. Explore greener raw materials for non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) synthesis, such as cyclic carbonate and diamine, and consider vegetable oils as sustainable polyol substitutes. Optionally, add reactive diluents like tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA), trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA), or pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PETTA) to enhance crosslinking and lower viscosity during UV curing."
}